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Name File: session.php

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<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Session
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2013 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.environment.request');

/**
 * Class for managing HTTP sessions
 *
 * Provides access to session-state values as well as session-level
 * settings and lifetime management methods.
 * Based on the standard PHP session handling mechanism it provides
 * more advanced features such as expire timeouts.
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Session
 * @since       11.1
 */
class JSession extends JObject
{
	/**
	 * Internal state.
	 * One of 'active'|'expired'|'destroyed'|'error'
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @see    getState()
	 * @since  11.1
	 */
	protected $_state = 'active';

	/**
	 * Maximum age of unused session in minutes
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  11.1
	 */
	protected $_expire = 15;

	/**
	 * The session store object.
	 *
	 * @var    JSessionStorage
	 * @since  11.1
	 */
	protected $_store = null;

	/**
	 * Security policy.
	 * List of checks that will be done.
	 *
	 * Default values:
	 * - fix_browser
	 * - fix_adress
	 *
	 * @var array
	 * @since  11.1
	 */
	protected $_security = array('fix_browser');

	/**
	 * Force cookies to be SSL only
	 * Default  false
	 *
	 * @var    boolean
	 * @since  11.1
	 */
	protected $_force_ssl = false;

	/**
	 * @var    JSession  JSession instances container.
	 * @since  11.3
	 */
	protected static $instance;

	/**
	 * Constructor
	 *
	 * @param   string  $store    The type of storage for the session.
	 * @param   array   $options  Optional parameters
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function __construct($store = 'none', $options = array())
	{
		// Need to destroy any existing sessions started with session.auto_start
		if (session_id())
		{
			session_unset();
			session_destroy();
		}

		// Set default sessios save handler
		ini_set('session.save_handler', 'files');

		// Disable transparent sid support
		ini_set('session.use_trans_sid', '0');

		// Create handler
		$this->_store = JSessionStorage::getInstance($store, $options);

		// Set options
		$this->_setOptions($options);

		$this->_setCookieParams();

		// Load the session
		$this->_start();

		// Initialise the session
		$this->_setCounter();
		$this->_setTimers();

		$this->_state = 'active';

		// Perform security checks
		$this->_validate();
	}

	/**
	 * Session object destructor
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function __destruct()
	{
		$this->close();
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the global Session object, only creating it
	 * if it doesn't already exist.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $handler  The type of session handler.
	 * @param   array   $options  An array of configuration options.
	 *
	 * @return  JSession  The Session object.
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public static function getInstance($handler, $options)
	{
		if (!is_object(self::$instance))
		{
			self::$instance = new JSession($handler, $options);
		}

		return self::$instance;
	}

	/**
	 * Get current state of session
	 *
	 * @return  string  The session state
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function getState()
	{
		return $this->_state;
	}

	/**
	 * Get expiration time in minutes
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The session expiration time in minutes
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function getExpire()
	{
		return $this->_expire;
	}

	/**
	 * Get a session token, if a token isn't set yet one will be generated.
	 *
	 * Tokens are used to secure forms from spamming attacks. Once a token
	 * has been generated the system will check the post request to see if
	 * it is present, if not it will invalidate the session.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $forceNew  If true, force a new token to be created
	 *
	 * @return  string  The session token
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function getToken($forceNew = false)
	{
		$token = $this->get('session.token');

		// Create a token
		if ($token === null || $forceNew)
		{
			$token = $this->_createToken(12);
			$this->set('session.token', $token);
		}

		return $token;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to determine if a token exists in the session. If not the
	 * session will be set to expired
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tCheck       Hashed token to be verified
	 * @param   boolean  $forceExpire  If true, expires the session
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function hasToken($tCheck, $forceExpire = true)
	{
		// Check if a token exists in the session
		$tStored = $this->get('session.token');

		// Check token
		if (($tStored !== $tCheck))
		{
			if ($forceExpire)
			{
				$this->_state = 'expired';
			}
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to determine a hash for anti-spoofing variable names
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $forceNew  If true, force a new token to be created
	 *
	 * @return  string  Hashed var name
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public static function getFormToken($forceNew = false)
	{
		$user = JFactory::getUser();
		$session = JFactory::getSession();
		$hash = JApplication::getHash($user->get('id', 0) . $session->getToken($forceNew));

		return $hash;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks for a form token in the request.
	 *
	 * Use in conjunction with JHtml::_('form.token') or JSession::getFormToken.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $method  The request method in which to look for the token key.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if found and valid, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   12.1
	 */
	public static function checkToken($method = 'post')
	{
		if ($method == 'default')
		{
			trigger_error("JSession::checkToken() doesn't support 'default' for the method parameter.", E_USER_ERROR);
			return false;
		}

		$token = self::getFormToken();
		$app = JFactory::getApplication();

		if (!JRequest::getVar($token, '', $method, 'alnum'))
		{
			$session = JFactory::getSession();
			if ($session->isNew())
			{
				// Redirect to login screen.
				$app->redirect(JRoute::_('index.php'), JText::_('JLIB_ENVIRONMENT_SESSION_EXPIRED'));
				$app->close();
			}
			else
			{
				return false;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			return true;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get session name
	 *
	 * @return  string  The session name
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function getName()
	{
		if ($this->_state === 'destroyed')
		{
			// @TODO : raise error
			return null;
		}
		return session_name();
	}

	/**
	 * Get session id
	 *
	 * @return  string  The session name
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function getId()
	{
		if ($this->_state === 'destroyed')
		{
			// @TODO : raise error
			return null;
		}
		return session_id();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the session handlers
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of available session handlers
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public static function getStores()
	{
		jimport('joomla.filesystem.folder');
		$handlers = JFolder::files(dirname(__FILE__) . '/storage', '.php$');

		$names = array();
		foreach ($handlers as $handler)
		{
			$name = substr($handler, 0, strrpos($handler, '.'));
			$class = 'JSessionStorage' . ucfirst($name);

			// Load the class only if needed
			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				require_once dirname(__FILE__) . '/storage/' . $name . '.php';
			}

			if (call_user_func_array(array(trim($class), 'test'), array()))
			{
				$names[] = $name;
			}
		}

		return $names;
	}

	/**
	 * Check whether this session is currently created
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function isNew()
	{
		$counter = $this->get('session.counter');
		if ($counter === 1)
		{
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Get data from the session store
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name       Name of a variable
	 * @param   mixed   $default    Default value of a variable if not set
	 * @param   string  $namespace  Namespace to use, default to 'default'
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Value of a variable
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function get($name, $default = null, $namespace = 'default')
	{
		// Add prefix to namespace to avoid collisions
		$namespace = '__' . $namespace;

		if ($this->_state !== 'active' && $this->_state !== 'expired')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			$error = null;
			return $error;
		}

		if (isset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]))
		{
			return $_SESSION[$namespace][$name];
		}
		return $default;
	}

	/**
	 * Set data into the session store.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name       Name of a variable.
	 * @param   mixed   $value      Value of a variable.
	 * @param   string  $namespace  Namespace to use, default to 'default'.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Old value of a variable.
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function set($name, $value = null, $namespace = 'default')
	{
		// Add prefix to namespace to avoid collisions
		$namespace = '__' . $namespace;

		if ($this->_state !== 'active')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			return null;
		}

		$old = isset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]) ? $_SESSION[$namespace][$name] : null;

		if (null === $value)
		{
			unset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]);
		}
		else
		{
			$_SESSION[$namespace][$name] = $value;
		}

		return $old;
	}

	/**
	 * Check whether data exists in the session store
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name       Name of variable
	 * @param   string  $namespace  Namespace to use, default to 'default'
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the variable exists
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function has($name, $namespace = 'default')
	{
		// Add prefix to namespace to avoid collisions.
		$namespace = '__' . $namespace;

		if ($this->_state !== 'active')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			return null;
		}

		return isset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]);
	}

	/**
	 * Unset data from the session store
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name       Name of variable
	 * @param   string  $namespace  Namespace to use, default to 'default'
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The value from session or NULL if not set
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function clear($name, $namespace = 'default')
	{
		// Add prefix to namespace to avoid collisions
		$namespace = '__' . $namespace;

		if ($this->_state !== 'active')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			return null;
		}

		$value = null;
		if (isset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]))
		{
			$value = $_SESSION[$namespace][$name];
			unset($_SESSION[$namespace][$name]);
		}

		return $value;
	}

	/**
	 * Start a session.
	 *
	 * Creates a session (or resumes the current one based on the state of the session)
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  true on success
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _start()
	{
		// Start session if not started
		if ($this->_state == 'restart')
		{
			session_id($this->_createId());
		}
		else
		{
			$session_name = session_name();
			if (!JRequest::getVar($session_name, false, 'COOKIE'))
			{
				if (JRequest::getVar($session_name))
				{
					session_id(JRequest::getVar($session_name));
					setcookie($session_name, '', time() - 3600);
				}
			}
		}

		session_cache_limiter('none');
		session_start();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Frees all session variables and destroys all data registered to a session
	 *
	 * This method resets the $_SESSION variable and destroys all of the data associated
	 * with the current session in its storage (file or DB). It forces new session to be
	 * started after this method is called. It does not unset the session cookie.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @see     session_destroy()
	 * @see     session_unset()
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function destroy()
	{
		// Session was already destroyed
		if ($this->_state === 'destroyed')
		{
			return true;
		}

		/*
		 * In order to kill the session altogether, such as to log the user out, the session id
		 * must also be unset. If a cookie is used to propagate the session id (default behavior),
		 * then the session cookie must be deleted.
		 */
		if (isset($_COOKIE[session_name()]))
		{
			$config = JFactory::getConfig();
			$cookie_domain = $config->get('cookie_domain', '');
			$cookie_path = $config->get('cookie_path', '/');
			setcookie(session_name(), '', time() - 42000, $cookie_path, $cookie_domain);
		}

		session_unset();
		session_destroy();

		$this->_state = 'destroyed';
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Restart an expired or locked session.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @see     destroy
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function restart()
	{
		$this->destroy();
		if ($this->_state !== 'destroyed')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			return false;
		}

		// Re-register the session handler after a session has been destroyed, to avoid PHP bug
		$this->_store->register();

		$this->_state = 'restart';

		// Regenerate session id
		$id = $this->_createId();
		session_id($id);
		$this->_start();
		$this->_state = 'active';

		$this->_validate();
		$this->_setCounter();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Create a new session and copy variables from the old one
	 *
	 * @return  boolean $result true on success
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function fork()
	{
		if ($this->_state !== 'active')
		{
			// @TODO :: generated error here
			return false;
		}

		// Save values
		$values = $_SESSION;

		// Keep session config
		$trans = ini_get('session.use_trans_sid');
		if ($trans)
		{
			ini_set('session.use_trans_sid', 0);
		}
		$cookie = session_get_cookie_params();

		// Create new session id
		$id = $this->_createId();

		// Kill session
		session_destroy();

		// Re-register the session store after a session has been destroyed, to avoid PHP bug
		$this->_store->register();

		// Restore config
		ini_set('session.use_trans_sid', $trans);
		session_set_cookie_params($cookie['lifetime'], $cookie['path'], $cookie['domain'], $cookie['secure']);

		// Restart session with new id
		session_id($id);
		session_start();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Writes session data and ends session
	 *
	 * Session data is usually stored after your script terminated without the need
	 * to call JSession::close(), but as session data is locked to prevent concurrent
	 * writes only one script may operate on a session at any time. When using
	 * framesets together with sessions you will experience the frames loading one
	 * by one due to this locking. You can reduce the time needed to load all the
	 * frames by ending the session as soon as all changes to session variables are
	 * done.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @see     session_write_close()
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	public function close()
	{
		session_write_close();
	}

	/**
	 * Create a session id
	 *
	 * @return  string  Session ID
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _createId()
	{
		$id = 0;
		while (strlen($id) < 32)
		{
			$id .= mt_rand(0, mt_getrandmax());
		}

		$id = md5(uniqid($id, true));
		return $id;
	}

	/**
	 * Set session cookie parameters
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _setCookieParams()
	{
		$cookie = session_get_cookie_params();
		if ($this->_force_ssl)
		{
			$cookie['secure'] = true;
		}

		$config = JFactory::getConfig();

		if ($config->get('cookie_domain', '') != '')
		{
			$cookie['domain'] = $config->get('cookie_domain');
		}

		if ($config->get('cookie_path', '') != '')
		{
			$cookie['path'] = $config->get('cookie_path');
		}
		session_set_cookie_params($cookie['lifetime'], $cookie['path'], $cookie['domain'], $cookie['secure']);
	}

	/**
	 * Create a token-string
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $length  Length of string
	 *
	 * @return  string  Generated token
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _createToken($length = 32)
	{
		static $chars = '0123456789abcdef';
		$max = strlen($chars) - 1;
		$token = '';
		$name = session_name();
		for ($i = 0; $i < $length; ++$i)
		{
			$token .= $chars[(rand(0, $max))];
		}

		return md5($token . $name);
	}

	/**
	 * Set counter of session usage
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _setCounter()
	{
		$counter = $this->get('session.counter', 0);
		++$counter;

		$this->set('session.counter', $counter);
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the session timers
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _setTimers()
	{
		if (!$this->has('session.timer.start'))
		{
			$start = time();

			$this->set('session.timer.start', $start);
			$this->set('session.timer.last', $start);
			$this->set('session.timer.now', $start);
		}

		$this->set('session.timer.last', $this->get('session.timer.now'));
		$this->set('session.timer.now', time());

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set additional session options
	 *
	 * @param   array  &$options  List of parameter
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _setOptions(&$options)
	{
		// Set name
		if (isset($options['name']))
		{
			session_name(md5($options['name']));
		}

		// Set id
		if (isset($options['id']))
		{
			session_id($options['id']);
		}

		// Set expire time
		if (isset($options['expire']))
		{
			$this->_expire = $options['expire'];
		}

		// Get security options
		if (isset($options['security']))
		{
			$this->_security = explode(',', $options['security']);
		}

		if (isset($options['force_ssl']))
		{
			$this->_force_ssl = (bool) $options['force_ssl'];
		}

		// Sync the session maxlifetime
		ini_set('session.gc_maxlifetime', $this->_expire);

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Do some checks for security reason
	 *
	 * - timeout check (expire)
	 * - ip-fixiation
	 * - browser-fixiation
	 *
	 * If one check failed, session data has to be cleaned.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $restart  Reactivate session
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @see     http://shiflett.org/articles/the-truth-about-sessions
	 * @since   11.1
	 */
	protected function _validate($restart = false)
	{
		// Allow to restart a session
		if ($restart)
		{
			$this->_state = 'active';

			$this->set('session.client.address', null);
			$this->set('session.client.forwarded', null);
			$this->set('session.client.browser', null);
			$this->set('session.token', null);
		}

		// Check if session has expired
		if ($this->_expire)
		{
			$curTime = $this->get('session.timer.now', 0);
			$maxTime = $this->get('session.timer.last', 0) + $this->_expire;

			// Empty session variables
			if ($maxTime < $curTime)
			{
				$this->_state = 'expired';
				return false;
			}
		}

		// Record proxy forwarded for in the session in case we need it later
		if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
		{
			$this->set('session.client.forwarded', $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']);
		}

		// Check for client address
		if (in_array('fix_adress', $this->_security) && isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
		{
			$ip = $this->get('session.client.address');

			if ($ip === null)
			{
				$this->set('session.client.address', $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
			}
			elseif ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] !== $ip)
			{
				$this->_state = 'error';
				return false;
			}
		}

		// Check for clients browser
		if (in_array('fix_browser', $this->_security) && isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']))
		{
			$browser = $this->get('session.client.browser');

			if ($browser === null)
			{
				$this->set('session.client.browser', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
			}
			elseif ($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] !== $browser)
			{
				// @todo remove code: 				$this->_state	=	'error';
				// @todo remove code: 				return false;
			}
		}

		return true;
	}
}